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DRUMVOICES: THE MISSION OF AFRO-AMERICAN POETRY*
A Readers Theatre/Ritual Drama

By
Eugene B. Redmond

*

Script Adaptation of DRUMVOICES: THE MISSION OF AFRO-AMERICAN POETRY
(a critical history), by Eugene B. Re.dmond: Doubleday, 1976.
Script copyright© 1977 by Eugene B. Redmond

�Note to Directors &amp; Players

*

DRUMVOICES, as a theatrical., follows ~ 1~tradition of
ritual theater or the "ri tuali zing 11 of an event . Ideally, for Readers
Theater, th'$ ::.stage ·are . snould have :,.to'Qm ,,fox-, c: ti.ro ·--sets .~r,·.:m~l:f:A r~~ds and ·a
danchfr ' :re-a 0 ~ince ritual theater is conceptually and practically adaptable to as few or as many players as are desire4, directo r s / stagers
should proceed accordingly. Ritual drama is also qualitative in terms
of depth and meaning--that is it can be as deep or as light as one
wants it. Hence, in preparing DRUMVOICES for the stage, directors
should take pains to determine the levels of intensity or message-del i v ery
that tbe"y · w~t·. These levels can be ·achieved and/or modified .from
perfonna.nce to performance by shifting (heightening or lesseni ng) tone
and thrust. Ideally, for DRUI1VOICES, one drummer and one horn -player
should make up the cast, along with at least one male and one female
dancer. At the same,time, owing to the flexibility and adaptability
of ritual theater, directors may use as many dancers or musicians
as are desired . The speaking cast should(preferably ) consist of a
three-member core-chorus. The core-chorus provides unison, harmony
and call-and-response while at the same time supplying the main
individual voices . Set apart from the core-chorus is th e n arrator,
who is atmospherically removed, somewhat dispassionate but omnipresent aa a vast-voice image . Another voice , some distance to the
other side of the core-chorus is khown as a relief-voice . This
character/ player can be made the focus of attention or go unnoticed
while he/she slips into the audience , disappears to change clothes ,
or prepares for some sudden and surprise shift in the action o f the
drama .

�1

Part I: Music &amp; I
The stage is bear except for music stands, a podium and the musicians'
instruments. A log~ dancer appears, walks upstage and lmeels in preparation for the opeti~~ance-poem. 'r he first sounds are heard off stage at
which time the drummer and horn player come on stage and situate themselves at their instruments. The dancer begins to dance when the musicians
are assembled.
Voices(off-stage)
Music and I--Listenl--Yail Yail~

,,

Listen to the sound of my horn~
Music and I--Listenl--Yail Yail ~
Listen to the sound of my horn l ~,vv--

Music and I--Listenl--Yail Yail ~
Voictfoff-atage as dance begins)
Listen to the sound of my horn ••• ~
This note you have longed to hear!

\

Voicef2

Listen .to the sound of ~Y song,
Fo'r :.. ·the music you have hummed by ear.
Voice#3

I sound the time to rise for the fields.
I moan the rhythm as the congregation lmeels .

Voice#4
For I

am

the note of air,

the catcher of your despair.
Voice

5

I cry long nights for you my people .
I rise early with my clayed cotton coat.

I tote water to sun-baked lips,
VoiceJl
And I sing awa'f pain
from your chain-whipped hips .
(oveiJ )

�2

Voicet/2
But now, my people, I've grown a new song • .,..5.~~
Listen, all ye Americans I Lis t en with your ear:
Voice#3(walking upstate to position)
, I

Now the congregation rises-Voice#4(walking upsta ge to position )
Now the new corn sprouts-Voice#5 (walking upstage to position)
Now the air breathes fresh- -

----

Voice#l(walking upsta ge to position )
Now the trodden land sings-VoiceJ2 ( walking upstage to position)

Now my horn of clay airs a long signa l motif.
Voi ce/!3
Listen to the sound of my horn , my people.
This rhythm of years long past .
Voice#4
Listen to the sound of my horn, I say; _
Chorus(raising arms)
Music and I ••• have come at lastJ (Durms)

\

un . tempo; then dancer exits~
After a slight pause, narrator be gins the on~stage ritual program. )

( As voices expa.bde , dancer and drumm~i- Gpick

Narrator

I

am the poem!

We are the poem!
Na rrator
And the poem is me I

And the poem is us! And the poem is us! And the poem is u s !
(over)

.

�3
Narrator
I run the poem and I came before pen or pencil or paper or printing press ,
\~ ; l I

cupped and cuddled the wisdom of the winds in drum- bosoms of ecstasy .
Drummer

Performs a wide range of rhythms, movements , tones , multi ple - rhythms :
African, West Indian,

fro-Latin, Afro-American .
Narrator

Listenl Listen closely and you can hear me , you can hear me writing in
drum-language ; you can hear me conversing with tomorrow, today and the
heretofore.

DRUMFEEI' ON THE SO IL, ON THE SAND ROADS OF THE MIND I
FLESH-PISTONS PRANCING, THE EARTH'S ENGINE!
IT IS A COMING FORTH , THE NIGHT WITHIN US COMING FORrH t
THE NIGHT WITH I N US COMING PORTH I
FEEr BEATING, BEATING, BEATING SEEDS INTO THE SO IL I

Narrator

I return and return an d return to my magnificent and reliable arclliv es .
Chorus
That 11,ove we can depend onJ Tha t Love we can depend on l
Voice ( singing; as ·dancer·s st~llt,-sea.roh. ..' the sta·ge )'n, · 'ONOBOROBO !

ONOBOROBO t

Voice
ONOBOROBO t

Chorus
ONOBOROBO I

(ov er )

�4
Voice

Chorus
ONOBOROBO I
Narrator
In my dependable cultural vault is the Idea-gram: that natural cil"etagraphy

landscaped by thudding thoughts of my totem family, the living-dead, the
breathing, the unborn. I am the poetic flesh-temple with many forms, earthdaughter and agile inundator oP history. I am the poem in motion.
Dancer
Bxecutes rudimentary movements and other elements of traditional African
and neo-African dance: isolati on , use of pelvis and torso , leaps, twirls,
pulls, the Yanvalou(or a kindre~movement}, vigorous stretches, lifts and
thrusts. (Drum a ccompaniment)
Narrator
I am the Black and Unknown Bard. American put me on a conveyer belt

-

moving in two different direc t i ons at the same time. My African Jubilance
turned to anger and a song of i&amp;botage. My IndomiLable Echo and Idion
flavored my Indomitable Press to be Human . As a poem, I became part of
what I did, saw and dreamed on these shores: Field Hollers, Vendors'
Shouts, Chants, Work Songs , Spirituals, Blues , Gospels, Jazz, Rhytbm-n-

Blues, Soul Music .( See at tache d chart of the preceding items : which

Je~!1-

lus.t rated with short examples by voices after the list has been g~ven . )
Voice
Did ye~ feed my cow?
Voice
Y~s M
Voice
Will yer te·ll me how?
(ov er)

�-

4-A
~

Ji'ield Hollers
/
yodle •••• hey brother
yodle •••• hey brother

Vendors' Shouts
watermello~h oh •••
sausages,~..
/
tomatoes, oh •••
I got •em fresh ••• , ohl
Chants
Om-la-la
Om-la-la
Work Songs
Say I 1 m ~rking hard on the chaingang
Spirituals
Ezekiel saw the wheel
a-turning(chorus)
Way up in the middle of the air
Blues
Blood, lawd, blood
all on the wall
Gospels

o~happ'J day
O happy day
When Jesus washed
When Resue washed
Washed all my sins away
Jazz
Ri fls from Ike

Rhythm-and-Blues
Will you still love me tomorrow?
Soul Music
I •m a soul man
I 1 m a soul man

;{/
,,,.
\:

�5
Voice
Oh w 1 at did yer give

1

er?

Voice
Cawn an hay!
Voice

Oh w 1 at did yer give

1

er?

Voice
Cawn an hay!
Voice(looking up)
Evahwhuh I, whuh I loo~ dis mawnin ,
Looks lak rain, looks like rain .
Chorus
Looks lak rain, l ooks lak rain J clc11,µ1.1df~
Voice
I gotta rainbow, tied all roun mah sh oulder,
Ain gonna rain, ain gonna rain .

Chorus
Dis is de hammer,
Kilt John Henry I
Voice(emphatically)
Twon•t kill me , baby,
Twon 1 t kill me .

Take dis hammer,
Carry it to de captain-Voice
Tell him I'm gone , baby,

I

-

I

Tell him I 1 m gone .
( ova')

.

I

�6
Chorus
I got a rainbow
Tied

1

roun my shoulder,

Ain 1 t gonna rain, baby,
Ain't gonna rain .
Voice(work-song,sung)
Dis ole hammer- -huh!(chorus)
Ring lak silver--huht(chorus)

'f-. r J

(.;

Shine lak gold--huhl(chorus)
Chorus
Ain 1 t gonna rainJ
Ain!t gonna rain!
Voice(female)
I 1 m a big fat mamma, got the meat shaking on mah bones ,
I ' m a big fat mamma , got the meat shaking on map bones ,
C\.Jj
And eV6frY time I shakes , some skinny girl loses huh home .
Voice
Run, nigger run ; de patter- roller catch you;

Chorus

Run , nigger, run, it ' s almost day .
Voice

Run , ni gger , run; de patter-roller catch you ;
Chorus

Run , nigger, run, and try to ~

get away .

Voice
Dis nigger run, he run his best ,--

Stuck his head in a hornet's n e st,-Voice
Jumped de fence and run fru the paster;
(over )

I

I
I

1'

I\

I

�7
Cho rus
White man run, but ni gge r run faster .
Voi c e
Da.t nigger run, dat nigger flew,-Cho rus
Dat ni gge r tore hi s shirt in two.
Narrator
Yes, as poem,as cotton-picker, as banjo-player, as fiddler, as preacher,
as ,minstrel-maker and mirror, as slave-rebellion leader, I emered a
ne'f/ part of the old. My African song ushered forth in strange new

Biblical Language.
Voice(s inging )
Go Down, Moses ,
Way Down in Egyptland;
Chorus(talking~pointing)
Tell old Pharoah
To let my people go .
Voice ( s~mging)
Deep River ••••

/
Chorus ( talking)

Deep Deep Deep River

•• 0.

Voice
Deep Riv e r, my home is ove r Jordan ;
Deep River, Lord; I want to c ross over into camp ground.
Voice ( exci te dly)
And, yes, I DREAMED I was riding in that chariot .
Chorus ( or Voice)
Swing low, sweet chariot ,

,

/

✓

Coming for to carry me hoITB1
( over )
' -

•

-

-

I

I

�sweet chariot,

\

Coming for to carry me home .

l.

Voice

\

Green trees a-bending,

Po' sinner stands a-trembling
The trumpet sounds within-a-my soul ;
Chorus
I ain't got long to stay h ere.
Vo i ce (male)
Joshua fit de battle of Jericho,--

Jericho, Jericho-hG-ho-hol
Voice
Joshua fit de battle of Jericho,--

And de walls came tumbling down .
Voice
f

Dat morning • • • •

~ w~~AhM,,~
.~·
"'-

~

Chorus
And ·de:_ walls came tumblins down
Voice
My God is a rock in a weary lan 1 - -

Chorus
Weary lan 1 , weary lan 1 - -

j.

~

Voice
My God is a rock in a weary lan 1 - I I

Shelter in de time of storm.
,,

Narrato r
I

was Black and curious; I confronted harshness head-on; my struggle meant
(over)

�write like whites , even though,Ironically , their

9

~aws said I could be punished or jailed for possessing such knowl edge

and skill .
Voice
You named me .Lucy Terry!
Voice
Gustavas Vassal
Voice
Britton &amp; Jupiter Hammon!
Voice
Coon &amp; Buck I
Voice
Phyllis Wheatley! And I maste r ed Greek , Latin and English in my teens .
Lonely Black girl whom the muses befriended, thousands and thousands
of miles away from my West Afri can home. I contimued to emerge as the
poem.
Voice
Should you,my Lord, while you peruse my song,

ti

Wonder from whence my love of Freedom sprung,
Whence flow these wishes fort h e common good,
By feeling hearts alone best understood,

I, youn g in life, by s e eming cruel fate,
snatched from Afrjc 1 s fancy 1 d happy seat;
~~t pangs· ~xcruci~t:ing must molest,
,
.1.l.".1t'.·c
-~·· ·, ··, - ~ _: ,.. ,r,1 •:;. · - _ ., _
· _ .,. ·,:.,~. !
~-.-. .. - -~~•
What sorr'ows labour in my parents I breasts?
Steel 1 d was that soul and by no misery mov 1 d
~~s

1

• 1I

That from a father seiz 1 d his babe belov 1 d:

'

I

Such, such my case . And can I then but p r ay
Others may never feel tyranic sway?

(wheo1ley)

Narrator
You n amed me George Moses Horton. I did not like the injustice
(over )

of the

�10

I turned into a po em. Even t ho ugh some continued
calling me "The Slave."
Chorus

"The Slave"?
Voice
Because the brood-sow 1 s left side pigs were black,
Whose sable tincture was by na tu re struck ,
Were you by justice bound to pul l them back
And leave the sandy -c olored pig s to suck ? (Ho rton)
Chorus(ominously )
Runagate I

Runaga to l

Runagate l

Narrator
My mother cure d ills and my father worke d mots . In the bi - cultural
constriction the poem became juju-man, the face hidden by the ambiguous
minstrel smile .
Voice
We have fashioned l aughter
Out of tears and pain;
Chorus
Bqt the moment after-Voice
Pain and t ea rs again.(9harles Bertram Johnson)
Voice
Forgive these erring people , Lord!
Voice
Who lynch at home and love abroad. ( ~ D ~ )
Na rrator
Still I wrote - -this time just like I talked, though some made fun of it ,
But,as maker of song , I could only produce heart-rhythrn.s .
(over)

�Voice
11

de Cunjah man ,
O chi llen,run, de Cunjah man !
Chorus

O chillen,run, the Cunjah man!
Voice
Him mouf ez beez as fryin 1 pan;
Voice
Him yurs am small, him eyes am raid,-Voice
Him hab no toof een him 01 1 haid, --

&lt;\

/,

Voice
Him hab him roots , him wuk him tricks,-- 0:\
J

Voice
Him roll him eye , him mek you sick-Chorus
De Cunjah man, de Cunjah man,
0 chillen

run, de Cunjah manl(J . E. Campbell)
Narrato r

I knew my rights, my rou@-1 times and my remedies.
Voice(assuming tones reflBoting physical illneases)
Blue-mass , laudnum, liver pills ,
"Sixty-six, fo

I

fever an 1 chills,''

Ready Relief, an' A.B.c.,
An

1

half a bottle of X. Y. Z.(J. H. Ho J.loway)
Narrator
/

You named me Frances Bl len Watkins Harper, James Edwin Campbell, James
Weldon Johnson, Paul Lawrence Dunbar--Son of ex-slaves, elevator boy risen
to brilliantbard of the race . As the poem I strode forth in several kinds
of English .
( over )

- _j

�12
Voice
bird sings, Ah me,

./

When his wing is bruised and his bosom soraT Wb_en he beats his bars a nd he would be free;
It is not a carol of joy or glee ,
But a prayer that he sends from his heart's deep core,
But a plea , that upward to Heaven he flings-I know why theca ged bird singsl(Dunbar }
Narrator
Above all, song exudes from me . Indeed, I am song. Watch and examine me.
My birthright is my anthem. My song is my sword. And I :· lift that sword hi gh I
Voice (singing)
Lift evEry voice and sing,

I

I

"}

Till earth and he aven ring,
Ring with the harmonies of liberty.
Chorus ( t al king, pointing upwards)
Till our rejoicin gs ri s e
High as t h e li s t enin g skies l( J . W. Johnson )
/

Narrator
As song-poem I forged pure fl ames of rhythms without books. James Weldon
Johnson called me the Black and Unknown gard . And, let me tell you something ••• hmmmmmmrn •••• I always loved to hear Ma lindy sing.
Voice
G1 way an 1 quit dat noise, Miss Lucy-PUt dat music book away;
What's de use to keep on tryin 1 ?

Jf you p ractis e twell you're gray ,
You cain 1 t sta 1 t no notes a-flyin 1
Lak de ones dat r ants and rings
From de kitchen to de big woods
(ove r)

�Chorus
Wb_en Malindy sings .
Voice
You ain 1 t got de nachel o'~ans
Fu t to make de soun ' come right,

You ain 1 t got de tu 1 ns an' twistin's

fut to make it sweet an ' li ght .
Tell you one thing now , Miss Lucy ,

An ' I'm tellin ' you fu ' true,
When hit comes to raal right singin' ,
Chorus

•

' T a in' t no easy thing to do .
Voice
Easy

1

nough fu I follcs to hollah,

Lookin ' at de lines an ' dots,
When dey ain ' t no one kin sence it ,

An ' de chune comes in,in spots;
But fu' real melojous music,
Dat jes strikes yo ' hea 1 t and clings,
Jes you stan 1 an 1 listen wif me
.Chorus
When Malindy sings .
Voice
Ain I t you nevah hyeahd Malindy?
Blessed soul , tek up de cross I
Look hyeah , ain 1 t you jo kin' , honey?
Well, you don't lmow what you los 1 •
Y' ought to hyeah dat gal a-wa 1 blin 1 ,
(over)

I,

�14
Robin s , la 1 ks, an' all dem things ,
Heish dey moufs an' hides dey faces
Chorus
When Malindy sin~s.
Voicef/1
Fidlin 1 man jes' stops his fiddlin 1 ,
Lay his fiddle on de she 1 f;
· Voice /12
Mockin 1 -bird quit tryin' to whistle ,
1

0ause he jes so shamed hiss e 1 f.
Voice#3

Folks a-playin' on de banjo
Draps dey fingahs on de strings-Bless yo' soul--fu' gits to move

1

em,

When Malindy sings.
Voice#She jes 1 spreads hu mouf and hollahs,
Voice( singing)
"Come to Jesus,

11

Voice
••• twell you hyeah
Sinnahs 1 tremblin' steps and voices,
Timid-lak a-drawin 1 neah;

-

Den she tu'ns to

"Rock of Ages,

Voice(singing)
11

\~

Voice
Simply to de cross she clings ,
(over)

�fin yo ' teahs a-drapp in 1

When Malindy sings .
Voice
Who dat says de humble praises
Wif de Master nevah counts?
Heish yo• mouf, I hyeah dat music ,

Ez it rises up an• mounts-P'loatin1 by de hills an 1 valleys,

'I

Way above dis burryin 1 sod,

'

I

Ez hit makes its way in glory

To de very gates of GodJ
Vo i ce
Oh, hit ts sweetah dan de mu sic
Of an edic ated band;
An 1 hitts dearah dan de battle 's

Song

0 1

triumph in de lan 1 •
Voice#l r J

It seems holier dan evenin 1
When de solemn chu I ch bell rings,/ •
'

Voice #2 ( slowly,search ingly)
Ez I sit an I ca •·m ly listen

Chorus
While Malindy sings.
Voice
Tows~. stop dat ba 1 ki n , hyeah me I
Mandy, mek dat chil e keep s till;

I

(ove r)
--

--

-

---

-

~

�16
hyeah de echoes c al lin 1
F 1 om de valley to de hill?
Let me listen, I can hyeah it,
Th 1 oo de br~sh of angels' wings ,
Sof 1.. and sweet,

.

V
v~

Voice//3 ( singing )
•

•

o

11

Swing low, Sweet Chariot,

11

Voice(dreamily and ecstatically)
Ez Malindy sin gs . (Dunbar)

~ --r:::;:;:;-

Narrato r
Poem that I was and am, I traveled from

11

oas i s to oas i s . 11

Voice
Man I s Saharic up and down~ (M. B. To lson)
Narr ator
Riverboats , river towns chaingangs •••
Voice( singin 8 as chorus makes work-sounds in background)
,.,, , it
Well don ' t you know ,,
That I s the sound of the men, working on the chain - n - n-n gan- ee - ang ;
We l l don't you know
That ' s the sound of the men , worki ng on the chain gang .( Cooke)
Narrator
Bar-room toughs , hard-hearted Hanna , Stagolee ••• they all knew me .
Voice
Hardahaarted Hanna - Voice
F rom Savannah, GEE A.

Voice
She was so cold , yall-Chorus
Wasn 1 t she 1

(ov er )

�17
Voice
a drownin g man!
Cho rus(slowly and deliberately )
Water , on a drown-ii-nnn g man.
Voice(attracting the attention of othe r s )
It was early one mornin',
When I heard my bulldog bark;
Stagolee and Bi lly Lyons
Was squablin 1 in the dark .
Voice

' /
Frankie and Hohnny were lovers , , ~

¥l

Cho rus \~\,_,1).Lo r dy , how they could love ,
Voice
Swore to each o ther ,
True as the stars up above ,
/y
I

\~

He was he r man but he don e her wrong. ·
Voice(fcmale)

/

Shine, shine , shine , ••• save po 1 me .
Na rrator

I was in the constant see - saw of life, wading through hell in search of
heaven. But I kept my working philoso phy with me .

Voice#l
De stoppe r get de longest rest in de empty jug.
Voice #2

~

De pric e of your hat ain 1 t de measure of your brain.
Voice#J
De graveyard is de cheapes 1 boardin 1 - house .
Voiceff4 \ ~
Buy i n ' on credit is robbin 1 next year's crop .
(Over)
t

�Voice#5
Life is short and full of blisters .
Voice#l
De cow-bell can ' t keep a secret.
Voice#2
Little flakes make de deppest snow.
Voice#3
De crawfish in a hurry look li k e he tryin' to git dar yesterday .
Voicei'/4
Be drinks so much whis key t hat he stae;gers in his sleep .

Vo ice//5
In God we trust , all others ca sh .
Harr n.to r
Yes I was lyric-wise . You heard me everywhere . You even heard me
coming from the swollen lips of the bugle, French horn , trumpet, clari net and saxophone .
Horn
A series of short riffs and movements exemplary and illustrative of various
forms of Afro - American music played between the advent of the spirituals
and the ra gtime-blues pe riod.
Nar r o.tor
In Paris they called the "C ak ewal k " th e "poe try of motion o II

In the

crevices of ships I was transported t o global points to make m'

splendid

sound and dance my splendid poetry of motion .
Dance.[;)
Executes a series of movements an.c steps repr es enting such dances as-------,
I
t
the Cakewalk, Charleston , the Two ·- S tep , Ji tterbpg and the Bop . ~lerr.ents
✓

of West Indian dances should flavor movements .
(over)

�Narrator
As the poem I blue horns , shot guns in your First World War, danc ed
dances and came home to face the Ku Klux Klan, Southern Sheri f fs and
Jim Crow . I got Angry . And I go t defiant. But , I was re l at i v ely cool.
Vo i c e ( serious )
Into the furnace let me go alone ;
Stay you without in terror of the heat .

I

f

I

I will go naked in-~for thu s 1tis sweet -Into the wei rd depth s of the hott est zone .
Voice ( serious but r esolute and emer ging)
De si re d e s troys , consumes my mortal fea r s ,
Transforming me into a shape of f l ame .
I wi ll come out , back to your world of tears ,

A strong4 cr soul within u finer framc .( McKay)
Na rrator
From the dark tower I watched az I pr.epareg, watched

as

I

prepare d,

wat ched as I pre pared, lmowinc; that !!We were not made ete rnally to weep .
Voice(reflective , meditative )
The n i ght whose sable breast relieves the stark
\mi te stars is no less lov e ly being dar k ,
And there are buds that cannot bloom at all
In light , but crumple , pite ous, and fall;
So in the dark we hide the heart that bleeds ,
And wait , and tend our agonizing seeds . (Cullen )
Narrator
Aft er race riots in several American citi es , I lifted my voi c e i
s e aring shaft of discontent .
Chorus
0 kinsmen! we must meet the common foel

(over)

11

�20

Voice
Li ke men we 1 11 face t he murde r ous , cowardly pac k ,

//

(

Pre ssed to th e wa l l , dyin g , •••
Ch orus ( slowl y an d softly )
Dying • •• dying ••• dyinG
Voice
••• but fi e)ltin~ ba ck !

(MC,'f(~t)

No.rrato r
All the wh ile my past k e pt pul lin g on me . It was if we we r e married
to each other, c lue d , loc ked, 1ve l de d to geth er . It was as if t h o se
who dep ar t ed n e v e r re al ly , real l y die d . An Af rican sense kept tu ggi n g
tu gging a t my trunc a t e d ro o ts . The bri dge of my dwarf-lik e pa st r e s t ed
on at l ea s t two shores .
Voi ce
Pour o pou r tha t pa rtin g s oul i n song ,
0

} ., J

pour it in the s awdu s t g l ow o f ni gh t ,

Into t h e v elve t pine- smoke air to - ni ght , •••
Ch orus( s l ow an d e cho - li ke )

I

And l et the vall ey carry it a l ong .

l

And l et th e va ll ey ca rry it a long . (t6ome~)
Narr ator( co nfus e d a nd desp era te)
Sometime s I wa s only ha l f - there , f i ~ht ing t hose who wante d to sn a tch away
my humanity by day ; and fi~tin g hunge r and confu si on at h ome by night .
As th e poem, I eme r ge d convolute d and who lly new, only t o -, re t r e at to
a some - other- time r e f rai n . ~gyp t , Ghana , Madagasc a r , th e Pyramids--

Voodoo Ceremon ies--what did th ey all me an ,to me? The beau ty - pain of it all?
Chorus
Come with a bl as t of trump et s ,

Jesu s !

(over )

I

I
I

�21

Voice(oxymoronic)
And the be auty of Susanna Jones in red
Burns in my h e art a love -fir e sharp like pain.
Chorus
Sweet silver trump e ts ,

Jesust(}\v8~8S)

Voice

l •

Well, son, I 1 11 t e ll yo u:
Life for me ain' t been no c ry st al
Na r r a tor

,,

But the blur of that v ei 1 wa s al ways tempo rar-f ly relieved by sorig, by

I

dance, by re a ding or th inkin g about for ei gn places and looking forward
to the day when American s wo ul d grow up . We were here--in America-but not of it . Simply wo r rying, wi thout a plan tn change things , didn 't
help much. We grew stronger, and more b eautiful , in the- words of Langston
Hughes , as we re-embr a c e d ou r own ri t u a ls .
Ch orus ( si n ging an d jiving)
Shake your brown , f eet , ho ney,

Shake your brown feet, chile,

I

Shake you r brown f eet , honey,

\

Shake Jem swift and wil 1 - Voi ce
Get way back , hon ey ,
Do that low- down step •

Walk on over, da r l i n g,
Nowt

Come out

With your left . (Hu ghes )
Voi ce (breaki n g t h e fun - frolic and wairing serious)
Yet do I marvel at this curious thi ng :
To make a po et b l a Ck . ond bid h im s ing I

(ov e r)

(.cvUeri) ·- ~

/k w-;=---

-\t,

.~

�22
Narrator
Yet must I marvel that I'm here nt al l. Because during the watering
years, after the GREAT DEPRESSION, my existence was seriously threatened
by lynching and at atmosphere of intimidation.

I went to war, as poem

and soldier and cook and shining knight of DEMOCRACY! The SWASTIKA, 'rhe
RISING SUN, The HAMI1ER &amp; SICKLE , I was told, were my REAL enemies .

Meanwhile you had named me Owen Dodson and I grew accustomed to the
realities of neighborly enemies, 'rhose who caused UNNATURAL DEATHS .
Voice(preaching a funeral sermon)

d
I

Wake up, boy, and tell me how yo u died:
What sense was alert last,
What immediate intuition about m
You clutched like a bullet when your nails
Dug red in your yellow p alm

And that map the fortunetell e rs r ead
Chorus
(this line for money , this for love)
·Voice

•••
Chorus
Wake up, boy . •••
Voice

• • • I go to death tomorrow,

I

Tell me what ro a d you took, • • •
Chory.s
What hour in the day is luc kiest?
Voice
Did your Adams apple explode?
Who sewed stitches in your angry
(over)

heart ?(0.~.S0'1]

I

�-23
Chorus
O wake •••
Narr a t o r
Yes, yes, • • • I wa s someti me s a t at t e red and beaten poem in the
nineteen Thirties, Fo rti e s an d Fifties. But I was a poem anyway:

Gracious, Noble, ~un darnen tal, Fiery, Firm, Relating to .1~

W(lltt~

People"

on ~ur Common Ground . Some one cal led me Margare~ I became a Tapestry
of My Many Selves.
Voice#l
For my people,everywhere sin ging their slave songs repeatedly ;

• • • their dirges and th eir ditties and theitit.:,bL~
and jubilees,
Voi ce1f3

• • • praying th e ir p r ayers ni ghtly to an unknown god,
Voice/Pf
• • • bending th eir knees humbly to an un/seen power;
Voice #2
• • • washing/ironin g cooking scrubbing sewing mending

plowing/digging planting pruning patching dragging along n ever
gaining never reaping neve~ knowing and never understand/tng;
Voice#)
For my playmates in the clay and du s t and sand of Alabama
backyards playing • • •
Voice #l
baptizing · and•••
Voice#2
preaching and •••

(over)

hoeing/

�24
Voiceif3
doptor and •••
Voice/fl
jail and •••
Voice-/12
soldier and •••
Voiceff3
school and ••••
Voiceirl
mama and/cookin8 an d playhouse and concert and store and/hair
and l-1iss Choomby and company;
Voice #2
For the cramp ed bewildered ye a rs we went to school t o learn
to know the reasons why and the answer s to and t h e people
who and the p laces wh ere and the days when , in memory
of t he bitter hours ,-men we di s cov ere d we were black
and poor and small and different an d nobody cared an d
nobody wondered and nobody understood;
Voice lfJ/ § ~;.)),
For the boys and girls who grew in spite of these things to be
• .. man and woman, to l au gh and dance and sin g and play and
drink th eir wine and reli gi_on and success, to marry their
playmates and be a r children and then die of consumption
and anemia and lynching;
Voice#l
For my people throngin 15

47th

Street in Chicago and Lenox

Avenue in New

stre et in New Orleans, •••
Voiceif·

For my people blundering and g roping and floundering in the
(o ver )

I

l

, I

�25
dark of churche s an d nch ools and clubs and societies , as -

•

sociations an d co uncils an d connni ttees and convent i ons,
distressed a nd di s turbe d and deceived and devoured by
money-hungry glory-craving leeches, preyed on by facile
force of st ate and fad an d novelty , by false prophet and
holy believer;
Voice-11'3
Le t a new ea rth ri se . Lot anothe r wo rld be born. Let a bloody
peace be wri t t en in t he sky ,
Voic e#"J.

• •• Le t a second gen e ra t ion full/ of courage issue forth ;
Voice #2
• • • l e t a peo ple loving fr e e dom come/ to growth . Let a beauty ful l /

of healing and a stren gth of final clenching be the pulsing in/
our spirits and(our blood .
Voice #J
• • • Let the martial songs be written , let the dirges dis/ appear.
Ch orus(strongly)
• • • Let a race of men now rise and tak e contro l . (M. Walker)

b

Narrate r
Frank Ma rshall Da vis , Melvin Be a unorous Tolson , Sterling Brown,
:Hobert Hay den, Pau l Ve sey, Bob Kau fman , Geore;ia Douglas ~ Johnson,
Russell Atkins, Le a dbel l y , Li [71 t nin 1 Hopkins--thes e are names by
which my voice is lmo,,m . Some even call me by the n ame of (whisp e ring )
HISTO RY .

Ch or u s ( r isin g from
History I Runagat e I

Runa gatel

Voice
Runs falls rises stumbl e s on f r om da rlrne ss into darlmess
and the da rkness thic kete d ui t h shap e s of t e r r or
( ov e r)

II

�~

;-.-lii'i:::====~:::::::::::::::=====~~--=,-,..=
26

and the hunt e rs pu rsu i n g and the h ound s pursuing
and t he n i gh t cold an d t he ni 8ht long a nd the river
tocross a nd t he j a.c k - muh-l ante rns beckoning be c koning
and th e b l ack n e ss ahead and when shall I r ea ch that son:ewhere
morning a nd k e ep on go ing a nd ne v er turn back and keep on
going •••
Chorus(fri gh tencd)
Runa gatel
Voice
Some go weeping and some r e j oicing I,

~~

some in coffins and s ome i n c a rri age s ~

~

some in s ilks and some i n shackl e s •••

-- r
Oh tha t train , gho s t-story trai n
through swamp and s~vanna mov c r ing mo vering
over trestles of dew, thro u gh c a ves of the wish,
_M_i_dn_i~gh,,_t__S~p_e_c_i_a=l,_o_n_a _sabre track mov e ring movering,

first s t o e y and th e l as t Ha llelujah .

\

Voice

O-

'2.--,

\

'
Ch oru s

(

~

Mean me ~n t ean to be fr e e . ( R. Hayden)
Narrator
I became a brilliant word- to rch shining back against my past and flami ng
proudly into the f u ture . Al l the while I wormed into and won hearts and
minds . And in 1950 , Ameri c a gave me the coveted Pulitzer Prise . My name
was

Annie A1len but I wus many peo ple . I was so fin ely sculpted that no

infl e c tion wa s impreci se . I said what I had to say in a langua ge that
dazzled and blinded the worl d . I s tood as a j ewel ; I talkitJd about e.
jewel name d "Satin-Less Smith . 11
(ov er)

I,

�27
Voice(a s others look on admiringly)
He wakes, unwinds, elaborately: a cat
Tawny, reluctant, royal o He is fat
And fine this morning . Definite . Reimbursed.
He waits a momemt , he designs his reign ,
That no performance m~y be plain or vainp
Then rises in a cl ear deliriwn.
Voice
Let .; us

proceed. Let us inspect, together

.With his meticulous and serious love,

,

The tnnards of this closet. Which is vault

r

~

Whose glory is not diamonds, not pearls ,
Not silver plate with just enough dull shine .
But wonder suits in yeJlow ru1d in wine ,
Sarcastic creen and zebra-striped cobalt.
With shoulder padding that is wide
And cocky and determined as his pride ;
Ballooning pan.ts that taper off to ends
Scheduled to choke precisely .
Voice
Here are hats
Like bri ght umbrellas; and hysterical ties
Like narrow banners for some gathering war.(G .
Narrator
Yes , I was immaculately Black . Magni ficently Black . And I knew the powe r
of the Rap I
Chorus
Amen!
(over)

�28
Narrator
I became the power of the Ra.pl
Ch orus
Amen !
Vo ice
Bartender, make it strai ght and ma ke it two -Voice( poin t ing)
Otte

for the you in me •••
Voice (point i ng )

• •• and the me . in you . (H. Tol so n )
Nar r ator
After lengthy conversations with my music, I became th e Be-Bopper;
somebody c alled me t he Zoot-S uiter ; I put on dark gl a sses and conked
my hair. A do uble-chinned salesman handed me some bleaching cream and
a cadillac as I sped North to join my brothers and sisters in the
Promised Lan d. Richard Wright and James Baldwin cried for me . John
Oliver Killens Hea rd The Thunde r and Ralph Ellison called me Invisible ,
adding that once my leaders de coded the riddl e of my style and my
rap they could help me save me . Black , I left a White country to fight
Yellow men in Korea . Ella , Miles , Monk , Billie, Prez , Chana Pozo ,
Ornette, Col t rane -- they went to war with me .
Ch orus
Good Morning heartachel(sung)
How do you do.(said)
Horn
Medley of tunes and musical mannerisms reminiscent of the period.

/

Narra tor
I got hip to world events , sci en c e and space exploration . I knew wha:;

I knew, still I c ouldn 1 t go where I wanted to go, or d() what I wanted
to do . Americ a: got nervo us wh en ever I ap pe a r ed in public . But I knew
(o ver)

�29
certain events and de velopmen t s were dooming all of us t.o an "Ultimate
Reality.

11

Voice
You know , Joe, it's a fUJ1ny t h in~, Joe ,
You worry most of you r life about me ,
Always afraid 1 1 11 g,et a job with you,
Always scared I mi c;ht get s e rv e d Hi th you ,

I

Always afraid I'd wanna love you r sister
I

Or that she might love me .
Voice
Don~t want me to e o. t with you ,
Voice

Seared I might live next t o you--

/

~•t

Vo i ce
But with the Atom Bomb , Joe ,
It looks like I might die with you .
Voice
That don •t : seem ri c;ht , does it, Joe?( Ray Durem)
Narrator
But in spit e of all the adversity, the historical s trengths kept returning
to me , sho rin g me u_r , h clpine; me to keep ge tting up, to keep going . We had
our personal victori es in the meant ime . We learned everything tha t it too~
to make it in America , even when no one would let us have equipment or
space to work in . We ju s t reo.che d back inside ours elves and came up
with what was n ee de d . Then one day, the poem became a baseball in the
hands of the le gendary Leroy Satchel Paige .
Voic e
Sometimes I feel like I will never stop
Just go on foreve r
( over)

I

I

�30
.dll one fine morniri 1
I'm gonna reach up and g rab me a handf'ulla stars
Swing out my long lean le g

\

And whip th ree hot strikes burnin 1 down the heavens
And look over at God and say
How about thatt(S. Allep) \ )
Narrator
Style has always been my signature . So it was not a surp ris e t hat

I returned to myself in motion . Behold ! The Stroll!
Ch orus
Sings a portion of -.rcne Chandler ' s

11

Duke of Ba rl II or some oth er period pi ec e .

lJu1•ruLl) I' '
The Kans a s City Slo p I The i·1adi son I

Sings !l portion of the Five Satins ' "±n the Still of the Nigh t" or anothe r
song from period .
Na rrator
The Twist !
II

B:ri•ef exerpt from Chubby Checker ' s "Twist 11 •
Narrator
The Funky Chicken l 'fi1e Karate Do ogaloo I They saw me poeting with my hips
and my feet .
Chorus
Poetincl Poeting t
Na rrat or
And took it all b a ck to American Bandstand and other countries .
Voice (sin ging )
There 's a thrill upon the hill!
Chorus (singing)
Let's Go ! Let ' s Go! Let 1 s Go!

(over)

I
I

�Norrator
I ea.me home from Ko rea to meet the Klan in a new sheet. And in Mo nt gomery
they would not let my mother sit down on a bus. As a poem, my name became
Lanc e Jeffers, Raymond Patterson , G. C. Oden, Mari Evans , LeRoi Jones and
Imamu Amiri Baraka , Audre Lorde .
Chorus( qucstioningly)
Montgome ry? Montgomery? Mont gomery? • • • I remember Montgomery .
Voice
And Birmingham--the fo\J\" little , little girls.
t'

Voice
Four little girls
r,

Who went to Sunday Scho ol that day
And never came ba c k homo at all - Voice
But le ft inste a d
Th~ir blood upon the wall
With spattered flesh
And bloodied Sunday dresses
Scorched by dynamite that
Ghina made aeons ago

Dmtl not know' what China made
Befo re China was ever Red at all
Woul d redden with their blood
This Birmingham- on-Sunday wall .
Four tiny girls
Who left thei r blood upon th a t wal l ,
In jli ttle ·.graves _today await
(o v e r )

....

�32
Voice
The dynamit e t ho. t mi ch t i gnite
The anci ent fuse of Dr a gon Kings
·w hose tomorrow sing s a. hymn
The missiona ries n e v er

t a u f;ht

In Ch ristian Sunday ~cho ol
'f o Impl ement th e Go lden Hu le .
Voice
Four little girl s
Might be awakened someday so on
By son gs u pon the breeze
Voice
As y et unfelt amo n g
Magnolia trees .

\

!

(t-\vffe-9
Voice

And Se lma !
Voice
And Philadelphia, Mississippi!
Voice(vagu e ly, hesita ting ly)
I recollect Emmett Til l!
Voice
Jind Watts!

Harrator
My Name was Conrad Kent Rivers at that time . I became a poem called
"Watts , " hoping that in such dis guise I could find my way out of this
daily nightmare.
Voice
Hust I sho o t the
white man dead
to free the ni gge r
(e v er )

.

�33

tis head?
Voice( p ausing , musin e )
Must I shoot the
white man dead
to free the nigger
in h is head?

(t ,t~°t(..Jer;)
Voice

And Newa r k l
Voice
And Harlem !
Voice
And Oakland I

'

Voice
And Dallas!
Voice
And East St . Louis!
Voic e
And Chicago

J

Voice

Hartin Luther King !
Voice
Malcolm!

,(

J
Voi c~

Stokley!
Voice
H. flap Bro wn!
Voice
James Brown l
(ov e r)

�Na rrator

34

the ~ sky . Libe ration became ~y ;passi onate preoccupati on .
A warm self-love engulfed me . My woman and I looke d at each othor through
new-old eyes . We had our own standard of be a uty. I stret ched and yawned
and walked around in my own neighborhood. My ~o l or felt good and healthy
to me . It looked good to me in the mirror of my Brothers 1 eyes . Someone
called me Black and I didn I t h it him. At a ral l y , I turned into a voice
on the podium shouting.
Chorus

WE ARE AN AFRICAN PEOPLE!
Drummer &amp; Dance r
Salute the coming of the new consciousness with appropria t e n eo - Afri can
rhythms and movement s .
Voice
For all thin gs Plack and beautiful ,
The brown f a c es you loved s o well and lonG,
the endless roads leading bac k to Harlem .
Chorus
Kulu Se Mama l
Kulu Se Mama!
Ku l u Se Mama!
Kulu Se Mama
Vbice i/1
Where the string
At ~~,~~

Some umbilical j azz ,
Voice #2
Or perhaps ,

I n memory,
A long lost bloody cross,
Buried in some steel calvary.

�35
Voicetf3

,J~

In what time
For whom do we bl ee d,
1

Lost notes, from some j a zzman s
Broken needle.
Voice tf4
Musical tears from lo s t
Byes ,
Broken drumstick s, whyT
Voice1tl

q-

Pitter pa tte r , boom dropping

v

Bombs in the middle
Of my emotions
Voicetf~

.

Voi ce t/=3

~

My father 1 s s oun d

My mother i s sound •••
Chorus
Is l ove , f\\
Is life .

~

(\3,(°o.\lr~V\) "if&lt;).~
Narrator

I had watched America . I know Amer ic a . I could deal with the diff e rence
and the samene ss, ~hut st r ange decora t e d pain that character ize s our
existence . I ke ~ f coming b ac:, Co the point of the sy'~he s is and the

symbiosis . I am history ru~d fut ure, or , put differently , I am future •
history . Sometimes , because of my many levels of vision , I grasp the
helm of the struggJ. es of the many co lo red hands . I might ev en be in
a riv er that laces the stomach of America .

...

�36
Voice (with dance accompaniment)

Vibrant vein,
Bent, crooked,
Older than the Red Men

\

Who named you;
Arici ent as the winds
That break on your
Serene and shining face;

One time western boundary of America
From

whc.s,&amp;rc.ehTh~

Your broad shoulders now r each
To touch sisters
On the flanks .
Cb:brus
River of Truth:
Voice

• • • Mornings
You leap , yawn 2000 miles ,
And shed a giant joyous tear
Over sprouting, straggling
Hives of humanity;
Nigh ts you weep
As the moon , tiptoeing

Across your silent silky
Face, hears you praying
Over the broken backs
Of black slaves who rode,

~rouched and hudd led,
At your heart in the bellies
(6cer)

�Chorus
River of Memo ry_:
Voice
Laboratory for C1vil War
Boat builders
Who left huge eyes of steel
Staring from your sullen deptl1s;
Reluctant pa rtn er to crime s
0 f Ku Klux IGana.men ;

River moved to wav es
Of ecstasy
By the venerable trumpet
Of Louis Armstrong .
Chor1ls
River of Bones :
River of bones and flesh-- ~

;.~

Bones and flesh and blood;
Voice
The nation ' s large st
Intestine
And longest conveyer belt;
Cho rus
River MISSISSIPPI:

River of little rivers;
River of rises ,
Voice
Sometimes subdued
By a roof of ice, descendine finally
On your Southward course

.:..

�38

Gu lf
And join the wrath
0 f large r bodies . ( l{edmo nd)
Na rrato r
I mused ov e r river s and long - go n e v o ices underneath rivers . Soor., however,
I turned to philosophy . In the spit and dart of my new se lf, th e re were
uttera nces I had to make , blood- thou ghts I had to share . I knew this
was another sequel to the dream . I h a d not believed those fairy tales .
I needed

to

take a hand a n d s tand and speak the truth to t he people .
Cho rus

Speak the truth to the people !
Vo ice
It is not n e c essary to Gre en the heart
Only to ident ify the enemy
It is not nec ess ary t o blo w the mind
Only to free the mind .
·0riorus
It is thetotal black!
Voi ce
It is the total black, being spoken
From theearth' s inside.
There are many kinds of open.
How a diamond comes into c1l,: knot of flame
How a sound comes into a word, colored
By who pays what for speaking .
Chorus
Love is another k ind of openr(over)

�39
Voice
diamond comes ipto a kno t of flame
I am bla c k b ecause I come from the earth ' s i nsi de
Take my word for j ewel in your open li@it .
Na rrator
I am the ecs tasy of NOW ! 'fhe fullest realization of my Ancestors'
wishes. I retum , even in the alarm ; even in the shadow-body I am
often forced to we ar . But enouf!,h , cnough --I beg

you, my dear aijsociates,

look How on our's and history 's finest treasure.
Voice(and dancer )

I am a black woman
the musi c of my song
some sweet a rp eggio of t ea rs
is written in a mi nor k ey
and I
can be heard humming in the ni l.Jlt
Can be heard
hummin g

✓

Cho rus

Hums fi rst line of

11

No body l,no ws the Troubl e I See
Vo ice(continuing poem )

in the night

, J
/

I saw my mate leap scre runi n c to th e s ea
and I/with these han~s/cupped the lifebreath
from my issue in

tre c anebre.lrn

I lost Nat ' s swinging body in a rain of tears
and I heard my son ~ s cre am all the way from~z
for Peace he n evEr kn ew . • • • I
learned Da Nang \md Pork Chop Hill
in anguish

(o ver)

7

11
,

�40
my no s trils lmow the gas
and t h ese tri gge r tire/d fin Ge rs
seek t h e softness in my wa r rio r 1 s b ear d
I
am a blac k woman
tall as a cypress
strong
beyond all definition st ill
defying place
and time
and circum s tance

assailed

)

impervious
i ndestruc tible
Look
on me and be

renewed.(/j\ f~~0
Cho rus
Look
on me and be
ren ewed.

A.1 1
Look
on us and be
renewed.
11inis

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                    <text>SCRIPT ADAPTATION OF DRUMVOICES : THE MISSION OP AFROAMERI CAN

POErRY

(a' crftical history )
by

Eugene B. Redmond

For
Presentation
at
Book
Party
October 3, 1976: 3 p.mo to 6 p .m., Redwood Room, University Uni on
California State University
Sacramento

•'I

., /

�MOVEMENT

If

I

Narrator:

the poemJ

I

Chorus:

We are the poemi ½_,\
Narrator:
And the poem is

mei
Chorus:

And the poem is usi

,

o

Narrator:

~

ma

1'110

pus• ans I ca.me before pen or pencil or paper or printing pressJ

I cupped and cuddled the wisdom of the winds in drum-bosoms of ·ecstaJ7•

·, Chorus:

DRUMFEET ON THE SOIL, ON THE SANDROADS OF THE MIND I
FLESH-PISTONS PRANCING, THE EARI'H'S ENGINE!
IT IS A COMING FORl'H, rrHE NIGHT WITHIN US COMING FORI'H I
~HE NIGHT WITHIN US COMING FORJ'HI)

~ -~

FEET BEATING, BEATING, BEATING SEEDS INTO THE SOILI
Narrator:

to Jll;J. magnificent and reliable archives.

I return
Chorus:

( "° That love we can depend on I

(over)

�Voice (singing):

Chorus:
Onoborobo I
Vo i ce:
OnoboroboJ
Chorus:
Onoborobo I
Vo i ce:
Onoborobo J
Chorus :
Onoborobol
"'.

Na rrato r :
In my depen dable cultura l vault is th e Idea-gram
of my totem-family, the living-dead, the
breathing, the unborn. I

run

the poetic flesh-temple with many formJJf
the poem in motion.

Dancer:
Rudimentary movements and other ele:)nents or traditional African and
Afro-American dance: i solation, use of pelvis and torso, leaps, twirls,
pulls, yanvalou, vigorous stretches and thrusts.(Drum accompaniment)
Narrator:
I am the Blaok and Unknown Barlf:!!:.erica put. on a conveyor belt lllOving

in two different directions at the aame time. My African Jubilance turned
1

to anger and a song of sabatage.
L--

• As a poem, I became part o!- what
and dreamed on these shores

(ove r)

saw

�Voice:

.

h·

(

7er f'eed m..y cow?
Chorus:

Ms.ml

Ye

Voice: y--'6)

Will yer tell

o..&gt;

me how?

Chorus :
Ye

Ms.ml
Voice:

Oh w•at did yer give •er?
~orus:
Calm an hay I
Voice:

\

' ,

Oh w' at did yer give 'e r.
Chorus:
Cum. an hay I

•

Voice:

1.
Bvahwh~. I , whuh.__look dis ma.wnin,

Looks lak rain, looks lak rain.
Voice:

I gott

,,

~~inbow, tied all ro\lll mah shoulder,

~n gonna rain, ain gonna rain.

Chorus:
l&gt;1 a is de hammer )

nlt John Henr,-1

1

,

(over)

�Voice:

kill me, baby,
Twon 1 t kill me.
ho.:rus :
Take dis ham.mer,

~" \_,

Carry it to de captain;
Voice:
Tell him I'm gone, baby,
Tell him I'm gone.
Chorus:

I got a rainbow

~

Tied )roun my shoulder,

Ain~t gonna rain, baby, )

/in 1 t gonna rain.
Voice:
Dis ole hammer--huh,
Ring lak silver- huh,
Shine lak gold--huh
•
.J

Chorus:
Ain' t gonna rain, ,

A.in ' t gonna rain.

Voice t female):

M.--,~

I'm a big fat mamma , got the meat shaking on mah bones,
I•m a big !at m.amma, got the meat shaking on mah bones,

And evecy time I shakes, somo skinny &amp;irl loses huh home.

y es;

Narrator :

,

..

A· cotton-picker,

as lanjo-player, as preacher

)l,aarebellion leader, I emerged -,I a· new part o! the old.

(over)

~--- -

-

--- ---

---- -

-------·----

,..,

.

�Voice:

p,

Moses,

~

t "

Way down in Egyptland;

r

r
&lt;.

1 •--&gt;

Chorus:
Tell old Pharaoh
let

To

my

people go •

••

1

---------home

Deep River,

my

I....,

\cY
.,cPeep
( .

Voice:
is over Jordan;

)~

Chorus:
River, Lord; I want to cross over into camp ground.

+cd

Voice:
And yes, I DREAMED I was riding in that chariot.
Chorus:
f?wing low, sweet chariot,

Coming tor to carry me home,

)

Swing low, sweet chariot,
I\

tor to carry

Comin

me

home.

Voice:
Green trees a-bending,

I

Po' sinner stands a-trembling

I I

The trumpet sounds within-a-my soul}
Chorus:

I ain 1 t got long to stay here.
~

(over)

�Voice:
You

namea me: Lucy Terry i
Voice:

Gustavas Vassat

W

~~
Voic e:

Britton

&amp;

Jupit er Hammon.
Voice:

Coon 'IB~t-.! ·,~ '"'

'

fivf

Voice:

-~gi~

Phyllis Wheatleyt Juad I mastered ·G?Pee~, L&amp;tip. &amp;I\d ' English in my teens.
¼A-fri;cOM
Lonely
whom the muses befriended 6
~
-;... • • • • • •~ •

, •• ,.

- - - - - -----

__)!_

•

VoiceJ
Should you, rrry Lord, while you peruse my song,
Wonder from whence my love or Freedom sprung,
Whence flow\ these wishes for the common good,

)

By feeling hearts alone best understood,
I, young in life, by seeming cruel fate,

Was snatc.hJd from Afric•s fanoy 1 d happy seat;

What pangs excruciating mus t molest,

\

W};iat sorrows labour in my parents• br ast?
Steel 1 d was that soul and by no misery mov 1 d

That from a father seiz• d his babe belov.• d:
\\

A

Such, auch~my cas~ And can I then but pray

-

Others may never feel tyrannic sway?
Narrator:

YQu named me George Mose s Horton. I did not like the injustice of the
double standard.
(over)

1.

�7

11

called me

'fue Slave."
Chorus:

The Slave.

J-

l\..,
Voice:

Because the brood-sow 1 s left side pigs were black,
Whose sable tincture was by nature st ruck,
We re you by justice bound to pull them back
And leave the sandy-colored pigs to suckY
Chorus:
Runagatei Runagatel Runagatel Runagat e l Runagatel ~' ,,I
Narrator :

,

\

l

l\..\,A~'--'
1. "
rIr;,'\

,..
My mother cured ills andAfather worked roots.

.
•

----·-

-

.-

,,:,

&gt;

."'

,tiie poem became juju-man,· the lace hidden by the

✓

Amb;luous

minstrel smile.
Voice:
We have fashioned laughter &gt;
c..,

Out

or

u

~

tears and pain;
Chorus:

But the moment after--

Voice:
Pain and tears again.

Voice:.. . :

Forgive these erring people, Lord;
Voice:
Who lynch at home and love abroad.

_..,,

Narrator a

Still I yrote--this

~

just like I talked•

I could only produce heart-rhythms.
(over)

- --·--·-- .

;;-.;;; ----

··---- - ...............

_ --

�Voice:
D Cunjah man, de Cunjah man,
0 chillen, run, de Cunja.h man!

Chorus:
0 chillen, run, de Cun'juh man l
Voice:
Him mouf ez beeg ez fryin' pan;
Voice:
Him yurs am small, him eyes am raid,
Him hab no toof een him ol' haid,
Him hab him roots, h im wu 'k him trick,
Hi m roll him eye, him mek you sick--

De Cunjah man, de Cunjah man,
O

chillen, run, de Cunjah man

~

0

t;;

~

1

' )v~ '

Narrator :

j.._

I

~

I knew my ri ghts, my rough-timeiand my remedies.

Voice:

Blue-mass, laud-nwn, liver ~ills, ~
"Sixty-six, fo I fever an1 chills , ~
11

l

Ready Re lie f, an' A. B. C. ,

An' half a bottle of X.Y .Z. --~
Narrator•• I...,
L' r-,

You named me .Frances Ellen Watkin, Ha..rper~- James Edwin Campbell,
James Weldon Johnson, Paul Lawrence Dunbar--

in several kinds of English.
Voice: {;_,.n' .,,'--.__

I know why the caged bird sings, ah me,

(Over)

�wing is bruised and his bosom sore-bars and he would be free;
It is not a carol of joy or glee,
But a prayer that he sends from his h eart's deep core,
But a plea, that upward to Heaven he flings-I know why the caged bird singsl
Narrator:
.., :,

. ·,;

Above~ song exudes from me.

My song is my sword.
Voicez
Lift every voice and singl
Till ear t h and heaven ring!
Ring with the harmonies of liberty!
0

Voice:

i-

'T L

c;

Till our rejoicings · rls·e

High as the listening skiesJ
Narrator:

)(

f

I forge pure flames of rhythms without books.

And I love to hear
Malindy sing.
Voicez ~

"?

O'way an• quit dat noise, Miss Lucy--

Put dat music book away;
What's de use to keep on tryin•?
Ef you practise twell you're gray,
You cain•t sta 1 t no notes a-flyin 1
Lak de ones dat rants and rings

From de kitchell to de big woods

When Malindy sings.
(over)

�iWaa,. J 1u12gb fJJI

foJ.1sa to aelil:M;

_ Icc'6ii.R 1 a- do lines er! dots,
Wtaen doy 8Ji.~

An'

;;.e,,

eP£Lki n

da alltaht, efflne§

aence

in, :tu

But fur reel molctt30,u1 wu:,ig,

-

Pet

je&amp;• eiJ:rilliefi

Jee· 110a atM' an'

i

57

spo.4'8 J
m

yo 1 bea't and clings,

Iis cen

'dhen Mtt!lnd3 sln!!;o,

W'if roe

-

-

A1n 1 t you nevah hyeahd Malindy?

Blessed soul, tek up de cross I
Look hyeah, ain't you jokin 1 ,honey?
Well, you don 1 t know -whut you los•.
Y 1 ought to hyeah dat gal a-wa I blin·•,

Robbins, la•ks, an 1 all dem things,
Heish dey moufs an• hides dey face
When Malindy sings.

(over)

�11

• . -y-Y~J\.\.'

Narrator: ?-

.'

✓

fr 'Y~ ~

Riverboats, river towns, chaingangs~ bar-room toughs, hard-hearted

Hanna, Stagolee, ••• they all knew me.
Voice:
Hard-hearted Hanna-Voice:

From ..Savannah, GEE A. ~ ,
Voice:
She was so cold, yall-Chorus:
Wasn't she-- ~

Voice:

She'd poor water on a drowing manJ
~

~
Voice:

It was early one mornin',
When I heard my bulldog bark;

MI er

Stagolee and Billy Lyons

Was lquablin 1 in the dark.
Chorus:
Shine, shine, shine, ••• save po'

Narrator:

You heard me coming from the swollen lips of the bugle, French horn,
trumpet, clarinet and saxophone •
. Horn:

A series

or

short riffs exemplary of various forms of music played bt,t\reen

the advent of the spirituals and the blues-ragtime period.
( ovo r)
-.

--

..... ....------~·----·
~

�12
rarrator:

--•• the "Oakewalk" the "poetry of motion. 11

Dancer:
Executes a series of movements representing such dances as the Ca~ewalk,
~.1

...

Charleston, Jitterbug and the Bop. Elements ~est Indian dances should
flavor the movements.
Narrator:

~ I blue horns, shot guns in your war, danced dances and
came home to face the Iui:·, Kl ux IClan, , Southern Sheriffs and Jim Orow.
I got

angry;

And

defiant. But I was relativelV cool.
Voice:

Into the furnace let me go alone;
Stay you without in terror of the heat.

i

will go naked in--for thus 'tis sweet--

H
,)! I

r

Into the weird depths o:f the hottest zone.
Voice:

,
I will come out, back to your -world of tears,
A stronger soul within a finer frame. ~
Narrator:

,~\.._.)

After race riots in several American cities# I lifted my voice into
a

earing shaft of discontent.

O kinsmenl we must meet the common foe!

fe

J.ku.__

7

Voice:
A

Like men we'll face the murderous, cowardly pack,
Pr ssed to the wall, a;.ing, but .fighting backJ

(3/P)

(o ver)

t,~J

\VJv,r~y

�Narrator:
Still, still my past pulled on me.

• Some Arri can

sense kept tugging, tugging at my truncated roots ·.

z

b t lg

Sf■

Voice:
Pour O pour that parting soul in song,
0 pour it in the sawdust glow of night ,

Into the velvet pine-smoke air to-night, •••
qhoruss
•

And let the valley carry it along.
And let the valley carcy it alorig.

Narrator:

As the poem, I emerged convoluted and wholly new, only to retreat to

a• some-other-time refrain. Egypt , Ghana, Madagasoar, the Pyramids-Voodoo Ceremonies--what did they all mean to met
Voice:
Come with a blast of trumpets, Jesusl

~

Voice:
And the beauty of Susanna Jones in red
Burne in my heart a love-fire sharp like pain.
Chorus a

Sweet silver trumpets, Jesus I
Voice:
Well, son, I• 11 tell you: ~
Lit

for me ain't been no crystal stair.
(over)

-r, "

)

�Narrator:

x

blur of the veil was always relieved ~y song, •

dance,

~ boolt..J--')._ ,
ill ill er C lX---

looking forward to t:t\e day when Americans•

•

would grow up.

• We grew stronger,
and DX&gt;re beautiful, in the words of Langston Hughes, as we re-embraced
our rituals.
Chorus:
Shake your .b rown feet, honey,
Shake your brown feet, chile,
Shake your brown feet, honey,
Shake •em swift and wil' --

I

Voice:
Set way back, honey,
Do that low-down step.

Walk on over, darling,
Nowl Come out

~i th your left.

Narrator:

y

X
)&lt; -

1/--

I went to war, as$
soldier and cook and shining knight of Democracy• The Swastika,

~.7e
'A

The Rising Sun, The Hammer &amp; .iickle_,~ I was told, &amp; a g

eal enemy.

e Do ♦son and I became a witness to the
Meanwhile you had named me 0'1{
..J:.!~l!t1e~~of neighborly enemies. Those who caused unnatural deaths.
r

Voice:

l

1

Wake up, boy, and tell me how you died:

I.

What sense was alert last,

Wha~ immediate intuition about us

(over)

-~·

.•. ---- - - - -

--------------~-- - - - - -- -·

_ ______
..

.._,

�clutched like a bullet when your nails
Dug red in your yellow palm.

And that map the fortunetellers read
Chorus:
(this line for money, this for love)

~

J "')

Voice:
Childish again and smeared ••••
Chorus:
Wake up,boy, •••

~A...::.

Voice :

('

"

••• I go to death tomorrow,
,:

Tell me what road you took, •• •
{.

Chorus:
What hour in the day is luckiest?

.' I''t

f&gt;s\ , c~.)

\
I _I

Voice:
Did your Adams apple explode?
Who sewed stitches in your angry heart?

Chorus:
O wake

•••
Narrator:

._

sometiaes a tattered poem

in the thirties, forties and

fifites. But I was a poem anyway: gracious, noble, fundamental, fiery,

~

LJ,

·

Voice:

For L
my pe~~le everywhe:r~ singing their s ~ songs repeat-

dly:

heir dirges and their ditties and their blueaj.,s:L

and jubilees\

mown

J/~

rayin~- ~heir ~;,_;.,.. ,,~1gbt1y to

~ 1:,,.,
god_J)bending their knees humbly t o an
(ov r)

an:;_\~
~
1/
'

unl•••-: power0)
1

)

�Voice:
my playmates in the

~

tor
playhouse and concert and store and

hair an d Miss Choomby and company;
Vo ice:

Let a new earth

:{?.,e:~r-~,·•t ,
ri s e.~...__

~

Chorus:
Let another world be born. Let · a bloody peace be written in the sky. p,-1-~, 0)
Voice:
Let a race of

m,~ /

now rise and take control.
Narrator: ~,
I'

Frank Marshall Davis, ,Melvin Beaunorous Tolson, Sterling Brown,
~
//'J/D ."" \J Jr , I (P 1\
t
.Robert Hayden, ~Gwendolyn 1Brooks--these are names by which m:y · vo1ce is
known. Some even call me by the name of HISTORY.
Chorus: tii o(,tJ,

r "-

11

·History, history, history&amp; Runagate, RunagatelRunagateJ
Voice:

~ ~.t.-t.--.

Runs falls rises stumbles on from darkness into darkness
and the darlmese thicketed with shapes ot terror
and the hunters pursuing and the hounds pursuing

and the blackness ahead and when shall I reach that somewhere
morning and keep on going and never turn back and keep on
going •• ••
Chorus: ~'\t

.

) (.

Runagatel Runagatel Runagatel
(over)

�Narrator: ~) (~
I wormed into and won hearts and minds. In 1950, A:iD.erica · gaT · me

the Pulitzer Prize.

I talked about a jewel named Satin-Legs Smith.
Voice1
He wakes, unwinds, elaborately: a cat
Tawny, reluctant, •royal. He is fat

And fine this morning. Definite. Reimbursed.
He waits a momeat, he designs his reign,
That no performance may be plain or vain.
Then rises in a clear delirium.
Voice:
Let us proceed. Let us inspect, together
With his meticulous and serious love,
The innards of this closet. Which is vault

Whose glory is not diamonds, not pearls,
Not silver plate with just) enough dull shine.
But wonder-suits in yellow and in wine,

Sarcastic green and zebra-striped cobalt.

~1th shoulder padding that is wide
And cocky and determined as his pride;
Ballooning pants that taper off to ends
Scheduled to choke precisely•- - - - - - - - . 1 /

y___
(vver)

�tor:
ap l

s:
Amenl

I

am

t he

the

powe

l

/rG~

Amen t
Vo -

and make it two--

Ba rtender,

e (pointing ):

{_1

On e

me

•
e (po inting ):

V

• • • and o

the

n you.
Na rrator:

I became the

Be

Bo pper;

U!.efot-suiter; I put on

dark gl a sses and conk ed my hair ·

-1-j..,

a s I sped North to

f Wright

'i---. AIIIP the Promised Land. I

and Ii tf'Baldwin cried for ne.

John Oliver Killens He a rd the thunder andllillllllir E111son called me

Invisible.
Black, I left a white
country , to fight yellow men in Korea. Ella, Miles, Monk, Billie,

Pr ~s,~Chano Pozo, Ornet t e, Coltrane--they went to war with me.
Chorus :

Good morning heartachel

~

~~

How do you do? M

(over)

�Hom:

Brier medley of sounds and tunes reminiscent of the period.

~.' .

J

Narrator:

Or ,.'
•

Beholdl The Strolll The Ks.naas City
81opl The Madiaonl The Twia~1 ~·T.he Funky Chicken I The Karate-Boogalool

They saw me poeting with my hips and my feet.

Poetingl
Poetingl
Narrator:
J\. I ~r,~

V

And took it all back to ~~andstand and other countries.

Voice:

There's a thrill upon the hill.
Chorus:
Let's go, let's go, let•s go~
~

I

.;:;;-e~from kDrea to

Narrator:
~ntgomerJ, ~

they wouldn't let my mother sit down on a bus.
Chorus:

d

Montgomery, Montgomery, I remember Montgomery• .
•

Voice:

And Birmingbam--the three 11 ttle girls.

~~~ ­

Voice:
And Selma I (j?---,(,

Voice:
And Philadelphia, Mississippi! ~

e

Voice:
I recollect &amp;nmett Tilll
Voice:

~

And W ttsl

(over)

C

--f-

�'

Narrator:
My nan,.e was Conrad Kent Ri v e r s . ~ became a poem called

-Watts~·•.hoping that in su ch disguise I could .ti~d --my ,w y out ot

this daily nightmare.
Voice :

Must I shoot the
white man dea&lt;!,___---~ ~

to tree the nigger
in his head?._ _ __ _

-----

to
head?
Voice:
And Newark l
Voice:

And Harlem!
Narrator:

My color felt good to me.

X-

At
rally, I tumed into a voice on the podium shouting.
Chorus:

WE ARE AN AFRICAN PEOPLE!
Voice:
For all things black and beautiful,

The brown faces you loved so well and long,
the endless roads leading back to Ha rlem.

{over)

"

�Chorus:
Kulu Se Mama I

Kulu Se Mama I

cere

Voice:

the strin

as some umbil cal jazz,

r perhaps,

long lost b
in som

ody cross,
steel aalva

•

bleed,
m some jazzm

tea.rs

's

rom lost

My

My mother~.s

Chorus a
love,

lite .
Narrator:

• In the spit and dart of my new self, there
(over)

�anoes I had to make, blood-thoughts I had to share.

.
• I needed to take

a

X

hand and stand and speak the trut~

Ch.6rua:

Speak the truth to the peopiel

~

Voice:
It is not necessary to green the heart

Only to identify the enemy
It is not ne cessary to blow the mind
Only to free the mind ••••
Chorus:
It is the total black!

Voice:
It is the total black, being spoken
From the earth's inside.

.

_~

n

There are many kinds of open.) I ~
How a diamond comes into a knot of flame)S~

How a sound comes into a word, colored
By who pays what ·c~eit speaking ••• •

Chorus:
Love is another kind of open--

J

Voice:
As a diamond comes into a !mot of f l a m e ~

.

,,l/

~o~

I am black because I come from the earth's i n ~

Take

my

word for jewel in your open light.

Narrator:
I am the ecstasy of NOW.

I return, even in the alarm; even in the shadow-body I am often forced

to wear. But enough, enough; I beg you, my dear associates, look Now
on our,1~h~Sfny~:~__;nEF¼ 111&lt;.,,., Jr•'-- •
(over)
.....

liiPiF • ...- - - - - -.....

-::=..-=-:

-::-.-=--=--··-' .. ---- ..· - - - ~. . ~-------•-•--:--~

ffil
fJlr

�Voice(and Dan~er):

. I am a black woman

the music of my song
ome sweet arpeggio of tears
is written in a minor key

and I
can be heard humming in the ni gp.~ ~ r""",yVCV

~~
·

. --

Chorus:
HUms first line of "Nobody luJ.ows fhe ::'frouble I See 11

Voioe:

::

1,

I saw my mate leap screaming J;o the sea

-. i-'. • · and Vwith

..

'

,-,

.. ·.

these hands/cupped the lifebreath

''.

. trom my issue in the canebrake

·.-: -J'.i}o.-..t-liat s
1

swinging body in

a rain _of tearJ

;:. ··,,t'b\t
·l ·heard my son aoream all the
way from Atu~io
,.
.... , .
., •· '. ·.( f'-or' Peace he never knew. • • ~ I
'~::

,-.

...

~

'

-

•

'

'

J

'

.learned Da Nang and Pork Chop Hill

in anguish
N~~

~-;

r.rry nostrils know the gas

· and these triggered tire/d fingers

. __1.~, . ,

\ ~

seek the softness in;Garrior 1 s beard

'

.I

'

. am a black

woman

tall as a cypress
a_trong
(over)

\

�still

and time
and circumstance

assailed
impervious
indestructible
Look
on me and be
renewed.

Chorus:

Look
on me and be
renewed.

- - - -30- - --

---- -----

-

. - - ---···

-- - ------------ -----

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              <text>STL Jazz Club 2007&#13;
OLD ST. LOUIS LEVEE BAND Set A. Swansea (2007)&#13;
[Insert features where desired. Look at the alternates. You may decide you prefer some of them.]&#13;
&#13;
OH, BABY, (F) Owen Murphy, 1928. Recorded by Eddie Condon &amp; Gene Krupathat same year.&#13;
IT DON'T MEAN A THING, (G min/C min) Duke Ellington &amp; Irving Mills, 1932. Note Mills Bros. recording.&#13;
MY HONEY'S LOVIN' ARMS, (F/Ab) Herman Ruby &amp; Joe Beyer, 1922. Original Memphis Five with Phil Napoleon recorded it, among others.&#13;
DOCTOR JAZZ, (Eb)&#13;
SI TU VOIS, (Bb) Sid Bechet&#13;
I HAD SOMEONE ELSE, (F)&#13;
BLACK &amp; BLUE, (A min) Fats Waller, Andy Razaf 1929.&#13;
12TH ST. RAG (Banjo) Euday L. Bowman, 1914. Louis recorded it 1927, Hot 7.&#13;
DARKNESS ON THE DELTA, (C)&#13;
PEORIA, (Bb/D min.)&#13;
LYDA ROSE, (C?)&#13;
OVER IN THE GLORYLAND, (Bb)&#13;
&#13;
OLD ST. LOUIS LEVEE BAND Set B, Swansea (2007)&#13;
ROYAL GARDEN BLUES, (F/Bb)&#13;
EXACTLY LIKE YOU, (C)&#13;
BIG BUTTER &amp; EGG MAN, (Bb) Louis Armstrong &amp; Percy Venable, 1926.&#13;
Hot Five recorded 1926 with May Alix on vocal.&#13;
LOVE ME WITH A FEELING, (Bb)&#13;
JAZZ BAND BALL, (G min/Bb)&#13;
TISHOMINGO, (Bb) Spencer Williams, 1917.&#13;
WEARY BLUES, Artie Matthews: LYRICS BY Mort Green, George Kates, 1915.&#13;
Hot 7 1927.&#13;
AINT' MISBEHAVIN', (F)&#13;
IF I HAD YOU, (Bb)&#13;
ORY'S CREOLE, (F/Bb) If Pat is in the mood to do it.&#13;
ALAMABY BOUND, banjo DeSylva, Green, Henderson, 1924. Introduced [begin page 2] by Al Jolson.&#13;
NOBODY'S SWEETHEART NOW, (Eb)&#13;
MARGIE, (F)&#13;
THAT'S A PLENTY&#13;
&#13;
OLD ST. LOUIS LEVEE BAND Set C, Swansea (2007)&#13;
&#13;
MARYLAND, MY MARYLAND, (F)&#13;
LOUISIANA, (F)&#13;
CONEY ISLAND WASHBOARD, (Bb)&#13;
CLARINET MARMALADE, (F)&#13;
UP A LAZY RIVER (F)&#13;
SOUTH, (Eb)&#13;
ST. LOUIS BLUES, (G)&#13;
WOLVERINE BLUES, (Bb)&#13;
BIRTH OF THE BLUES, (Bb)&#13;
ANGRY, (F? Ab?)&#13;
CARELESS LOVE, (F)&#13;
SWING THAT MUSIC, (Bb)&#13;
&#13;
ALTERNATES:&#13;
&#13;
South Rampart Street   Cakewalkin' Babies (Bb)&#13;
Darktown Strutters Ball   Cabaret, (F)&#13;
San, (F)   I Found A New Baby, (F)&#13;
Fidgety Feet, (Bb/Eb/Ab)   Sweet GA Brown, Jean?&#13;
I Ain't Gonna Give Nobody None...   Sheik of Araby, (Bb)&#13;
Home, (Eb)   Sine, (Eb)&#13;
Old Rockin' Chair, (Eb)   Lulu's Back..., (Eb)&#13;
Deed I Do, (C)&#13;
Linger A While, (F)&#13;
What A Wonderful World, (F), Pat vocal&#13;
Louisiana Fairy Tale, (Bb)</text>
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                <text>Signed Max Morath Photo, Undated</text>
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                <text>For digital rights and permissions, see &lt;a href="https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml"&gt;https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Signed black and white publicity photo of jazz musician Ed "Doc" Souchon, pictured here playing guitar. The photo is signed, "May 9th/67-To Jean!/Because she has everything that it takes!/Warmly-/"Big Doc" Souchon." Jean Kittrell performed with Doc Souchon at the 1967 St. Louis Ragtime Festival aboard the Goldenrod Showboat, where she was given this photo. A typed section of text on the back of this photo notes that it was "taken at Royal Orleans Hotel "Jazz on Sunday Afternoon" sponsored by the New Orleans Jazz Club, Fall, 1965, by the celebrated jazz photographer George Fletcher, of Des Moines, Iowa." </text>
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                <text>For digital rights and permissions, see &lt;a href="https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml"&gt;https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10561">
                <text>Signed Photo of Glenn Meyer, 1979</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10562">
                <text>Meyer, Glenn</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10563">
                <text>Signed black and white publicity photo of clarinetist Glenn Meyer who performed with Jean Kittrell in the St. Louis Rivermen. Photograph is signed in black ink, reading, "To Jean/Keep the good times rolling/Love/Glenn/4-18-79" in the upper left. Some light damage is visible on the right side of the photo.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10564">
                <text>Meyer, Chas R.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10565">
                <text>04/18/1979</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="10566">
                <text>For digital rights and permissions, see &lt;a href="https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml"&gt;https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="10567">
                <text>In copyright. &lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"&gt;http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10568">
                <text>Jean Kittrell Digital Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10569">
                <text>Still Image</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="10570">
                <text>Still Image</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <name>Glenn Meyer</name>
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        <src>https://digitallis.isg.siue.edu/files/original/d9595976e6bae65a8ac41ec246a3fd84.jpg</src>
        <authentication>5a9fda945ed4cd3de3530bb1b5223c17</authentication>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="6279">
                  <text>Jean Kittrell Digital Collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="1">
          <name>Text</name>
          <description>Any textual data included in the document</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11857">
              <text>Jean Kittrell&#13;
11004 Florida Stree, Edwardsville, Illinois 62025-1421&#13;
Home 618/656-5696 Fax 618/656-5728&#13;
Email: kittrellj@sbcglobal.net&#13;
www.jeankittrell.com&#13;
Jass Incredibles - Incredible Music&#13;
Bob Grimm, Noel Kaletsky, Jean Kittrell &amp; David "Red" Lehr&#13;
St. Louis Rivermen&#13;
seven astounding musical stars&#13;
Old St. Louis Levee Band&#13;
a swinging five-piece band</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11866">
              <text>Business card</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="10">
          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11867">
              <text>3.5 x 2 in.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11853">
                <text>JMK_2015_7_78_0017</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11854">
                <text>Single-Sided Business Card of Jean Kittrell, Undated</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11855">
                <text>Kittrell, Jean</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11856">
                <text>Jean Kittrell's single-sided business cards which features Jean's role as leader of the Jazz Incredibles, St. Louis Rivermen, and Old St. Louis Levee Band. This business card is from later in Kittrell's career when the logos and identities of her three groups were clearly defined, including the Jazz Incredibles regular set-up as a four piece ensemble. </text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11858">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11859">
                <text>Kittrell, Jean</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11860">
                <text>Undated</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11861">
                <text>For digital rights and permissions, see &lt;a href="https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml"&gt;https://www.siue.edu/lovejoy-library/about/policies.shtml&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="11862">
                <text>In copyright. &lt;a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"&gt;http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11863">
                <text>Jean Kittrell Digital Collection</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11864">
                <text>Edwardsville, Illinois</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11865">
                <text>Text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="94">
        <name>Jazz Incredibles</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="97">
        <name>Jean Kittrell</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="78">
        <name>Old St. Louis Levee Band</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="41">
        <name>St. Louis Rivermen</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
